種水鑑別
翡翠種水透明度完全圖解：玻璃種、高冰種、冰種、糯冰種、糯化種點分？
Jadeite Transparency Grades Explained: Glass, High-Ice, Ice, Icy-Glutinous & Glutinous
翡翠種水透明度完全圖解：玻璃種、高冰種、冰種、糯冰種、糯化種點分？用生活化比喻，一次過搞清楚五個種水等級嘅透明度差異。
買翡翠最常聽到嘅問題係：「呢塊係咩種水？」種水係翡翠最重要嘅品質指標之一，直接決定翡翠嘅通透感、光澤同價值。但好多人聽到「玻璃種」、「冰種」、「糯種」就一頭霧水——到底有幾通透先係玻璃種？冰種同糯冰種差幾遠？今次我哋用最生活化嘅方式，一次過解釋清楚。
咩係「種水」？
「種」係指翡翠晶體結構嘅緊密程度——晶體越細、排列越緊密，翡翠就越通透，種水就越高。「水」係指翡翠嘅透明度同光澤感，水頭越足，翡翠越有靈氣。種水係一個綜合概念，種好水足嘅翡翠，光線可以穿透進去，令翡翠由內而外發光，呢種效果係翡翠最迷人嘅地方。
五個種水等級：由高至低
翡翠種水由高至低分為五個主要等級：玻璃種、高冰種、冰種、糯冰種、糯化種。每個等級嘅透明度差異，可以用「隔住幾層膠片睇書」嚟理解——層數越多，越難睇清書面，就代表種水越低。
1. 玻璃種（Glass Jadeite）— 最高級
玻璃種係翡翠種水中最高嘅一級，通透度極高，幾乎如玻璃一樣透明。用生活化嘅比喻：好似隔住一塊超薄玻璃睇嘢，幾乎完全透明，光線直透入去。視覺上，書面文字清晰可見，輪廓毫無遮擋。玻璃種翡翠係市場最高級，極為罕見，價值最高。優質玻璃種會有「起螢光」效果，即係喺光線下發出柔和嘅內在光芒。
- 透明度：★★★★★（幾乎完全透明）
- 比喻：隔住 1 層超薄膠片睇書，書面文字清晰可見
- 市場定位：最高級，極為罕見，價值最高
- 特徵：起螢光效果，晶體結構極細，肉眼看不到顆粒
2. 高冰種（High Ice Jadeite）— 高端主力
高冰種係介乎玻璃種同冰種之間嘅高端品種，通透但帶少少朦朧感。比喻：好似隔住一層磨砂玻璃，通透但帶少少朦朧感。視覺上，書面文字仍可辨認，輪廓略為模糊。高冰種係高端市場主力，保值力強，係性價比最高嘅高端選擇之一。
- 透明度：★★★★☆（通透帶少許朦朧）
- 比喻：隔住 2 層膠片睇書，文字仍可辨認但輪廓略糊
- 市場定位：高端市場主力，保值力強
- 特徵：光澤強，有冰冷剔透感，部分有螢光效果
3. 冰種（Ice Jadeite）— 中高端首選
冰種係最多人熟悉嘅高質素翡翠，通透如冰，但比高冰種更有朦朧感。比喻：好似隔住三層薄紙睇嘢，光線可以透入，但影像已朦。視覺上，書面文字模糊，面孔輪廓隱約可見。冰種係中高端市場入門高品質首選，性價比高，市場選擇多。
- 透明度：★★★☆☆（光線可透入但影像模糊）
- 比喻：隔住 3 層薄紙睇書，文字模糊但輪廓隱約可見
- 市場定位：中高端市場，入門高品質首選
- 特徵：如冰塊般清透，略帶朦朧，性價比高
4. 糯冰種（Icy-Glutinous Jadeite）— 中端溫潤
糯冰種介乎冰種同糯種之間，透明度明顯下降，但多了一份溫潤感。比喻：好似隔住一層薄棉布睇嘢，帶溫潤感，光線散射。視覺上，書面文字極朦，只見色塊輪廓。糯冰種係中端市場主力，溫潤質感受歡迎，係入門翡翠嘅好選擇。
- 透明度：★★☆☆☆（光線散射，影像極朦）
- 比喻：隔住 4 層膠片睇書，只見色塊輪廓
- 市場定位：中端市場，溫潤質感受歡迎
- 特徵：溫潤細膩，光線散射，有柔和光澤
5. 糯化種（Glutinous Jadeite）— 入門溫潤
糯化種透明度最低，幾乎不透光，但質感溫潤如糯米。比喻：好似隔住一層厚棉紙睇嘢，幾乎不透光，質感溫潤如糯米。視覺上，書面文字完全看不清，一片朦朧。糯化種係入門市場，溫潤親切感強，適合初次購買翡翠嘅朋友。
- 透明度：★☆☆☆☆（幾乎不透光）
- 比喻：隔住 5 層膠片睇書，書面完全看不清
- 市場定位：入門市場，溫潤親切感強
- 特徵：溫潤如糯米，光線幾乎無法穿透
五種種水透明度對比一覽表
| 種水 | 透明度 | 生活化比喻 | 膠片層數 | 市場定位 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 玻璃種 | ★★★★★ | 超薄玻璃，幾乎完全透明 | 1 層 | 最高級，極為罕見 |
| 高冰種 | ★★★★☆ | 磨砂玻璃，通透帶少許朦朧 | 2 層 | 高端主力，保值力強 |
| 冰種 | ★★★☆☆ | 三層薄紙，光透但影像模糊 | 3 層 | 中高端，入門高品質首選 |
| 糯冰種 | ★★☆☆☆ | 薄棉布，溫潤帶散射感 | 4 層 | 中端，溫潤質感受歡迎 |
| 糯化種 | ★☆☆☆☆ | 厚棉紙，幾乎不透光 | 5 層 | 入門市場，溫潤親切 |
點樣用肉眼判斷種水？
最簡單嘅方法係對著光源觀察。拿起翡翠對著自然光或燈光，睇光線能穿透幾深——玻璃種幾乎完全透光，糯化種則幾乎完全擋光。另一個方法係用手電筒從背面照射，觀察光線穿透嘅程度同均勻度。種水好嘅翡翠，光線穿透均勻，整塊石頭都會發光；種水差嘅翡翠，光線只能照到表面，內部仍然暗沉。
💡 Flora 嘅購買貼士：種水係翡翠最重要嘅品質指標，但唔係唯一指標。糯冰種嘅翡翠如果顏色靚、底色乾淨，價值可以好高。反之，玻璃種但底色差嘅翡翠，價值亦會大打折扣。買翡翠要綜合考慮種、水、色、底、工五大要素！
種水同價格嘅關係
種水越高，翡翠越通透，價格亦越高——但並非線性關係。玻璃種翡翠嘅價格可以係糯化種嘅幾十倍甚至幾百倍，因為玻璃種嘅稀缺性極高。冰種係最多人追捧嘅入門高品質選擇，因為性價比高，市場上選擇多。糯冰種同糯化種則係溫潤派嘅首選，適合喜歡溫潤質感、唔追求通透感嘅買家。
⚠️ 注意：市場上有些商家會誇大種水描述，例如將高冰種說成玻璃種，或將糯冰種說成冰種。購買時要多對比、多觀察，有疑問可以要求提供鑑定證書。
References
English Version
Jadeite Transparency Grades Explained: Glass, High-Ice, Ice, Icy-Glutinous & Glutinous
One of the most common questions when buying jadeite is: 'What texture grade is this piece?' Texture grade (種水, zhong shui) is one of the most important quality indicators in jadeite, directly determining its translucency, lustre, and value. But many buyers are confused by terms like 'glass-type', 'ice-type', and 'glutinous-type'. This guide uses everyday analogies to explain all five grades clearly.
What Is 'Texture Grade' (種水)?
'Texture' (種) refers to how tightly packed the jadeite's crystal structure is. 'Water' (水) refers to the stone's translucency and luminosity. A stone with excellent texture and water allows light to penetrate deep inside, creating an inner glow.
Five Texture Grades: From Highest to Lowest
Jadeite texture grades from highest to lowest: Glass-type, High-Ice-type, Ice-type, Icy-Glutinous-type, and Glutinous-type. Think of it as looking at a book through layers of plastic film — more layers means lower grade.
1. Glass-Type (玻璃種) — The Pinnacle
Glass-type is the highest texture grade — almost as clear as glass. Like looking through a single ultra-thin sheet of glass. Text on a book beneath is clearly readable. Rarest and most valuable. Fine specimens exhibit a fluorescence glow.
2. High-Ice-Type (高冰種) — Premium Workhorse
High-Ice-type sits between Glass-type and Ice-type — highly translucent with slight haziness. Like looking through frosted glass. Text still recognisable but slightly blurred. Premium market workhorse with strong value retention.
3. Ice-Type (冰種) — Entry to Premium Quality
Ice-type is the most familiar high-quality grade — translucent like ice but with more haziness. Like looking through three layers of tissue paper. Text blurred, outlines faintly visible. Top choice for entry-level premium quality.
4. Icy-Glutinous-Type (糯冰種) — Warm Mid-Range
Icy-Glutinous-type has noticeably lower translucency but a warm, gentle quality. Like looking through thin cotton fabric — warm and diffused. Mid-market staple, popular for its warm texture.
5. Glutinous-Type (糯化種) — Entry Level Warmth
Glutinous-type is nearly opaque but has a warm, glutinous rice-like quality. Like looking through thick cotton paper. Entry-level market choice, warm and approachable.
| Grade | Translucency | Analogy | Layers | Market |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glass-type | ★★★★★ | Ultra-thin glass | 1 | Highest, extremely rare |
| High-Ice-type | ★★★★☆ | Frosted glass | 2 | Premium workhorse |
| Ice-type | ★★★☆☆ | Three tissue layers | 3 | Upper-mid, entry premium |
| Icy-Glutinous | ★★☆☆☆ | Thin cotton fabric | 4 | Mid-market |
| Glutinous-type | ★☆☆☆☆ | Thick cotton paper | 5 | Entry-level |
Buying tip: Texture grade is jadeite's most important quality indicator, but not the only one. Always consider all five factors: texture (種), water (水), colour (色), base (底), and craftsmanship (工)!